On 13 July 2023 the Cabinet of Ministers approved and issued Rule No. 407, which governs implementation of the EU Cohesion Policy Programme for 2021–2027 to promote innovative business development in small and medium-sized Latvian enterprises. The approved total financing for an assistance programme to be implemented by the Latvian Investment and Development Agency (LIAA) is EUR 73.38 million.
Regulation (EU) 2023/956 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) came into force on 17 May 2023. This so-called “carbon tax” applies from October 2023, with companies subject to CBAM being liable to file their first CBAM reports in January 2024. Carbon emission certificates will have to be purchased from 2026. In this article we are explaining in detail which companies are subject to CBAM.
We often spend a lot of time in Microsoft Office creating and formatting presentations and writing emails and reports. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) means office workers can now save time on such tasks. We have written before about one of the most popular AI tools – ChatGPT and GPT-4, its operating principles, uses and restrictions (see our article on GPT-4 here). In this article we are continuing our tour of new technologies, looking at Microsoft as a leading AI creator for business purposes and its brand new AI assistant, Microsoft 365 Copilot.
In June 2023, Parliament passed two extensive amendments to the Taxes and Duties Act effective from 1 January 2024. This was followed by a publication on the website of the State Revenue Service (SRS) detailing the new system’s objectives and explaining the meaning of taxpayer grades.
In our previous articles we discussed the transfer pricing (TP) aspects of guarantees and looked at methods that can be used to arrive at an arm’s length price. We will close out this series of articles with key insights from international case law and compare how the tax authorities treat the validation of guarantee transactions in a TP file.
One of the preconditions for securing positive customer experience is a robust organisational culture. Customer satisfaction is critical to any company seeking to maintain long-term profitability and competitiveness on the market.
EU funds and other similar financial assistance instruments have provided support and contributed to the rapid growth, modernisation and development of many businesses. Given the large amount of information and various programme offerings currently available, it’s important to know how to navigate this maze and select assistance instruments that are suitable for your company. This will help you identify relevant assistance programmes, gauge the funding they offer, and understand the criteria for potential project applicants and applications.
Our experience suggests that intragroup services represent the most common centralised activities in a multinational enterprise (MNE) group and they are also transactions being scrutinised by the tax authority.
The crypto-asset sector has made changes to the payment and investment markets and challenged the tax authorities to trace capital gains arising on crypto-asset trades. On 16 May 2023 the EU Council supported the European Commission’s proposal to require crypto-asset service providers to report on transactions their EU customers perform in crypto-asset markets. This will help the tax authorities monitor crypto-asset trading and revenues, thereby reducing the risk of tax fraud and tax evasion. The reporting system is to be implemented with amendments to the Directive on Administrative Cooperation (“DAC”), which is the main system for exchanging data between the tax authorities. The new reporting rules have been passed in addition to the Regulation on Markets in Crypto Assets (“MiCA”) amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937, and to the Regulation on information accompanying transfers of funds, and these rules are fully consistent with the OECD’s crypto-asset reporting initiative.
We have written before about the corporate income tax treatment for the acquisition and maintenance costs of an electric vehicle (EV). Yet employees often charge their corporate EVs at home. This article explores how a company could reimburse an employee’s electricity costs.
As new types of assets and transactions emerge, amendments are made to Council Directive 2011/16/EU on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation. The European Commission has proposed new tax transparency rules for all service providers handling crypto-assets. On 16 May 2023 the EU finance ministers agreed on the compromise text of DAC8, which is coming up for approval soon.
On 20 April 2023 the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) ruled on case C‑282/22 concerning the VAT treatment of services supplied by EV charging stations that offer charging equipment and software in addition to the charging service. This article explores the CJEU’s interpretation.
Our previous article looked at the need for a taxpayer’s transfer pricing (TP) file to support his guarantee transactions, and explored a general approach to assessing whether a guarantee transaction is arm’s length. In this article we are discussing aspects to consider when the substance of guarantee transactions is analysed, and we are taking a closer look at methods used in analysing such transactions.
During the pandemic, Latvian companies faced unprecedented challenges around remote working, when the entire corporate culture came up for overhaul. The biggest challenges arose from the need for flexibility as the traditional eight-hour working day at the office was upgraded with the option to connect remotely at the employee’s convenience. Some companies cancelled the full-time office presence requirement altogether and set up alternative working arrangements with variable hours, places and conditions. Flexibility became a key aspect in keeping employees motivated and loyal. This article explores the rapid development of flexible reward schemes.